Reversers

Any typos are as a result of direct translation of the original French.

The oscillating mass of a watch with automatic reassembly likely to turn of more than 360 degrees, therefore without limitation (rotor), generally causes the automatic reassembly of the watch "in the two directions".

It is while intercalating between the oscillating mass and the reducing wheel a mechanical device named "reverser" that the rotor can operate the automatic reassembly, whatever the direction of rotation of the oscillating mass.

Reverser with translation

In the devices with reversers working in translation, a reference receives a translatory movement according to direction's of rotation of the wheel which carries out it in order to incorporate it in the spur gearing in a direction, and from of to eliminate it in the other.
This reference can be carried by a rocker or simply to move in an opening between two extreme positions.

Devices with internal click-and-ratchet work

The most known system is manufactured by house ETA in Grange.
It is the system with assembled wheels pawl.

It comprises two wheels, made up each one of a higher wheel (D) and a lower wheel (D ') between which work of the pawls without spring, décliquetant alternatively in a wheel or the other according to the direction of rotation.

The two pawls (d) of the wheel-pawl complete swivel on the lower wheel by their short tenons introduced into diametrically opposed holes of the lower wheel.

Under the higher wheel is practised a circular cavity in which penetrate, when the higher wheel is assembled on the gun of the lower wheel, pawls.
The walls, as well interns as external which limit the cavity of the wheel prominences carry making covered in the wheel.

So when the higher wheel turns right, prominences of the higher wheel act, in the passing, against the projecting members of the pawls and make oscillate the pawls which are not opposed at all to the rotation of the higher wheel. The higher wheel can thus be driven freely on the right.

On the other hand, when the higher wheel turns left, the pawls, thorough towards outside by the first internal prominence meet the projecting member of the pawls and butt, by their "front" end, against an external prominence, from where drive of the pawls and lower wheel on which they swivel.

In this direction (on the left), the lower wheel is pulled by the higher wheel (D).

The principle even of the complementary wheel-pawl is identical to that of the complete wheel pawl, but all is reversed.

The lower wheels (Of and E ') gear together.

The higher wheels are not in contact; they gear both with the wheel of stage.

Diagram of operation of the system

The wheel of stage actuates the two cog wheels A and B.

When the mass turns left (green):
The A' wheel is made involve by the wheel with stage
The pawls of wheel A rise and come to butt against prominences of wheel A '' and involves the latter in the same direction.
Wheel A '' involves the wheel B ' '.
The wheel B' degrene.

When the mass turns right (yellow):
It is the reverse.
With '' degrene.

Device of "disengaging" of the mechanism of winder (manual)

The device of "disengaging", allows during the automatic reassembly, that the pinion of winder is not actuated.

"pont-bascule of wheel of crown Me" is adjusted freely on a screw with range on which it can move of a certain angle what allows him a sufficient displacement so that the wheel of crown gears or does not gear with the ratchet.

The G' spring pushes the end of the pawl G in the vacuum between two teeth of the wheel of crown.

By this pressure of the spring G ', the rocker of wheel of crown is requested so that the wheel of crown gears with the ratchet.

So during the manual reassembly, the wheel of crown, requested on the left, actuates the ratchet on the right and the teeth of the wheel of crown raise, with the passage, the pawl.

This one prevents then the wheel of crown and the ratchet to retrogress.

During the automatic reassembly, the ratchet F, actuated on the right, does not involve the wheel of crown.
Indeed, thanks to the direction of rotation of the ratchet and the swivelling of the rocker of wheel of crown M ', the teeth of the ratchet raise, with the passage, the wheel of crown, slightly making turn pont-bascule M ', while acting on one of the teeth of the wheel of crown.

There is thus "uncogging" of the teeth of the ratchet actuated, on a tooth of the wheel of crown.

Thus, bodies being used for the manual reassembly (pinion of winder, etc.) are not involved during the automatic reassembly.